The physics challenges of orbital data centers are formidable but not insurmountable. Let’s start with radiation, a concern with all space hardware. Based on its experience with the Starlink constellation, SpaceX has found that many of the required computing components, such as processors and memory, are already fairly radiation-tolerant. Sam Waldman, a physicist who worked at SpaceX from 2012 to 2018 on avionics for various programs, including Starlink, said power supplies and other components are more vulnerable to radiation, but there are known techniques to address the issue. SpaceX has le